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Что (кто) такое non-proliferation - определение

SPREAD OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS

Nonproliferation; Nuclear armament; Nuclear weapons armament; Nuclear weapons proliferation; Non-proliferation; Nuclear non-proliferation; Nuclear apartheid; Nuclear Apartheid; Nuclear nonproliferation; Additional Protocol; Global arming; Nuclear proliferations; Proliferation of nuclear weapons; Atomic proliferation; Atomic proliferations; Nuclear weapons proliferations; Atomic weapons proliferation; Atomic weapons proliferations; Proliferation of atomic weapons; Nuclear Weapons Proliferation; Proliferation (nuclear weapons); Arguments for and against nuclear proliferation; Nuclear Proliferation

non-proliferation

¦ noun the prevention of an increase or spread of something, especially possession of nuclear weapons.

non-proliferation

also nonproliferation

Non-proliferation is the limiting of the production and spread of something such as nuclear or chemical weapons.

...the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty...

N-UNCOUNT: usu N n

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

INTERNATIONAL TREATY

Nuclear Proliferation Treaty; Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty/Treaty text; Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty; Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty; Non-Proliferation Treaty; Non-proliferation treaty; Nuclear non-proliferation treaty; NNPT; International nonproliferation treaty; Non Proliferation Treaty; Nonproliferation Treaty; Nuclear non proliferation treaty; Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and Policy; Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty; Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons; Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 1968

The NPT became effective in 1970 and was intended to limit the number of states with nuclear weapons to five: the U.S., the Soviet Union, Britain, France, and China. In doing so, the NPT attempts to: (a) prevent nuclear weapons sales by not assisting other nations with nuclear weapons development; (b) halt the nuclear weapons development programs of non-nuclear weapons states; and (c) promote nuclear disarmament and the peaceful use of nuclear technologies and materials. Over 140 states have pledged not to acquire nuclear weapons and to accept the safeguards of the International Atomic Energy Agency over all their nuclear materials.

Википедия

Nuclear proliferation

Nuclear proliferation is the spread of nuclear weapons, fissionable material, and weapons-applicable nuclear technology and information to nations not recognized as "Nuclear Weapon States" by the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT. Proliferation has been opposed by many nations with and without nuclear weapons, as governments fear that more countries with nuclear weapons will increase the possibility of nuclear warfare (up to and including the so-called countervalue targeting of civilians with nuclear weapons), de-stabilize international or regional relations, or infringe upon the national sovereignty of nation states.

Four countries besides the five recognized Nuclear Weapons States have acquired, or are presumed to have acquired, nuclear weapons: India, Pakistan, North Korea, and Israel. None of these four is a party to the NPT, although North Korea acceded to the NPT in 1985, then withdrew in 2003 and conducted its first nuclear test in 2006. One critique of the NPT is that the treaty is discriminatory in the sense that only those countries that tested nuclear weapons before 1968 are recognized as nuclear weapon states while all other states are treated as non-nuclear-weapon states who can only join the treaty if they forswear nuclear weapons.

Research into the development of nuclear weapons was initially undertaken during World War II by the United States (in cooperation with the United Kingdom and Canada), Germany, Japan, and the USSR. The United States was the first and is the only country to have used a nuclear weapon in war, when it used two bombs against Japan in August 1945. After surrendering to end the war, Germany and Japan ceased to be involved in any nuclear weapon research. In August 1949, the USSR tested a nuclear weapon, becoming the second country to detonate a nuclear bomb. The United Kingdom first tested a nuclear weapon in October 1952. France first tested a nuclear weapon in 1960. The People's Republic of China detonated a nuclear weapon in 1964. India conducted its first nuclear test in 1974, which prompted Pakistan to develop its own nuclear program and, when India conducted a second series of nuclear tests in 1998, Pakistan followed with a series of tests of its own. In 2006, North Korea conducted its first nuclear test.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear proliferation

Примеры употребления для non-proliferation

1. Nuclear Non–Proliferation Nuclear Non–Proliferation Treaty (NPT) 11.

2. On nuclear non–proliferation, he said Pakistan is part of the international community in anti–non–proliferation and diversions.

3. Article continues For decades, nuclear disarmament and non–proliferation have been linked through the nuclear non–proliferation treaty.

4. Now, they‘ve firmly adopted non–proliferation policies.

5. Non–proliferation experts worry that the agreement opens a loophole in the Nuclear Non–proliferation Treaty (NPT), which India has never signed, and accuse Bush of selling out weapons non–proliferation goals in favour of the accord.